Radar Was Shot Down: Ground Radar.-The British radar chain roved of immense value in the Battle of Britain, rhich began with German air assaults on Aug. , 1940, and continued with increasing intensity or more than a month. Air search radar and the ew GCI technique of aircraft control enabled le squadrons of the Royal Air Force (RAF) to eploy with maximum efficiency against the at-ickers. During August, 957 Nazi planes (about 5 per cent of the raiders) were shot down. On le historic Sunday of September 15, the Luftaffe lost 185 aircraft from an attacking force of X).
German and Japanese Radar.-German wartime radar development was hampered by a misguided Nazi policy that minimized research in favor of concentrating available manpower and resources on what was intended to be a short, overwhelmingly powerful attack on the enemy. As a result, no long-range electronic research was planned, and existing comparatively long-wave radars were frozen into standard production models. Not until January 1943, when a British plane carrying microwave radar was shot down, was the shortsightedness of this policy brought home to the Nazi leaders. Germany then initiated concentrated but unsuccessful efforts to close the gap between its own and Allied radar equipment.
One of the best Japanese radars, the navy's type 22, was a 10-centimeter shipborne search set that used a water-cooled magnetron and delivered a peak power of 6 kilowatts. The navy's H-6 airborne search radar, which operated at 150 me., proved so satisfactory that approximately 2,000 sets were manufactured. The Japanese realized, however, that a microwave set would be required to yield the definition needed for radar bombing, and a 10-centimeter set was therefore developed on the basis of plans received from Germany. It is thought that the German plans were derived in turn from an early British H:S set on a bomber shot down over Rotterdam. For postwar radar developments see section 2. Uses and Types.
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